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Countries at war

(19)

Each state's war.

Why and when it went to war, what it fought for, how the war ended for it and what it cost. Below the text, its battles, people and key dates from the chronicle.

The Entente

  1. Serbia28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918Serbia was the first country attacked. In 1914 it repelled three invasions, in 1915 it was overrun, and in 1918 it came home from the Salonika front.155 articles · 14 battles
  2. Montenegro5 August 1914 – 25 January 1916Montenegro stood by Serbia in 1914 and covered its retreat, but in January 1916 it lost all its territory and its army. In 1918 it was united with Serbia.30 articles · 5 battles
  3. France3 August 1914 – 11 November 1918For over four years France fought on a Western Front that ran across its own soil, with part of the country occupied, and emerged victorious but bled white.541 articles · 103 battles
  4. United Kingdom4 August 1914 – 11 November 1918Britain went to war in defence of Belgium, built an army of millions, blockaded Germany from the sea and fought with its whole empire on every front.967 articles · 181 battles
  5. Russia1 August 1914 – 15 December 1917Russia fought Germany, Austria-Hungary and Turkey from 1914 until defeats and exhaustion brought revolution and the Bolsheviks took the country out of the war.562 articles · 68 battles
  6. Belgium4 August 1914 – 11 November 1918Neutral Belgium, invaded by Germany in August 1914, defended a strip of land on the Yser for four years while almost the whole country lived under occupation.97 articles · 17 battles
  7. Japan23 August 1914 – 11 November 1918Japan entered the war in August 1914 as Britain's ally. It took German Tsingtao and the Pacific islands and strengthened its position in China.60 articles · 2 battles
  8. Italy24 May 1915 – 4 November 1918Italy left the Triple Alliance and joined the Entente in May 1915. After the defeat at Caporetto it held the Piave and beat Austria-Hungary at Vittorio Veneto.164 articles · 28 battles
  9. Portugal9 March 1916 – 11 November 1918Portugal fought the Germans in Africa from 1914 and formally entered the war in March 1916. Its corps in France was shattered on the Lys in April 1918.41 articles · 4 battles
  10. Romania27 August 1916 – 9 December 1917Romania entered the war in 1916 for Transylvania, within months lost Bucharest and two-thirds of the country, and yet came out of the war twice as large.73 articles · 8 battles
  11. Greece27 June 1917 – 11 November 1918Greece argued over the war for three years and split into two governments. It joined the Entente in 1917, after King Constantine was forced out.125 articles · 5 battles
  12. United States6 April 1917 – 11 November 1918Neutral until 1917, the United States entered the war after Germany resumed submarine warfare. Its army settled the Allies' superiority in 1918.199 articles · 15 battles
  13. Union of South Africa4 August 1914 – 11 November 1918A dominion of Britain's former enemies, it conquered German South West Africa, fought in East Africa and France, and put down a Boer rising at home.46 articles · 11 battles

The Central Powers

  1. Germany1 August 1914 – 11 November 1918Germany fought on two fronts from 1 August 1914. It defeated Russia but could not win the war in the west, and signed an armistice on 11 November 1918.889 articles · 240 battles
  2. Austria-Hungary28 July 1914 – 4 November 1918Austria-Hungary began the war on 28 July 1914 to punish Serbia. Beaten and reliant on Germany, it broke up in autumn 1918, signing an armistice on 3 November.356 articles · 81 battles
  3. Ottoman Empire29 October 1914 – 31 October 1918The Ottoman Empire entered the war on Germany's side in October 1914. It fought on many fronts, committed the Armenian genocide and fell in 1918.334 articles · 61 battles
  4. Bulgaria14 October 1915 – 30 September 1918Bulgaria entered the war on 14 October 1915 to regain Macedonia. It helped conquer Serbia, and after defeat at Dobro Pole it was the first to lay down arms.102 articles · 16 battles

Neutral states

  1. PersiaNeutral Persia became a battlefield for Russians, Turks and British and a field of action for German agents, and paid for the war with collapse and famine.83 articles · 0 battles
  2. NetherlandsThe neutral Netherlands kept its army under arms throughout the war, took in Belgian refugees and steered between the British blockade and German demands.23 articles · 0 battles