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Radomir Putnik
Person page: Radomir Putnik →
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(21)
1914
July
25
Serbian government orders mobilisation
On 25 July 1914, before replying to the ultimatum, Serbia announced general mobilisation, and the authorities began to leave Belgrade.
August
13
Austrians cross the Drina and begin the first invasion of Serbia
In mid-August 1914 the Austro-Hungarian Fifth Army crossed the Drina and struck Serbia from the west. The first invasion of Serbia had begun.
21
End of the Battle of Cer. Austrians withdraw from Serbia
At the end of August 1914 the beaten Austro-Hungarian armies withdrew from Serbia across the Drina and the Sava. The first invasion of Serbia had failed.
25
End of the first invasion of Serbia
At the end of August 1914 the Serbs recaptured Šabac and the last Austro-Hungarian units withdrew across the Drina and Sava. The first invasion ended in defeat.
September
06
Serbs cross the Sava and begin the operation in Syrmia
On 6 September 1914 the Serbian army crossed the Sava into Austro-Hungarian Syrmia. At Mitrovica the Timok Division was routed.
08
Battle of the Drina begins
On 8 September 1914 Austro-Hungarian troops crossed the Drina. In the mountains of western Serbia a battle began that turned into trench warfare.
10
Serbs take Zemun
On 10 September 1914 Serbian troops crossed the Sava and took Zemun, the Austro-Hungarian town opposite Belgrade. Regent Alexander rode into it.
11
Serbs withdraw from Syrmia
On 11 September 1914 Vojvoda Putnik halted the offensive in Syrmia. The Serbian First Army went back across the Sava to face a second Austro-Hungarian invasion.
17
Austro-Hungarian offensive on the Drina runs out of steam
Around 17 September 1914 the force of Potiorek's second offensive on the Drina was spent. Heavy fighting for the heights, however, went on for weeks.
October
30
Serbs withdraw from the Drina
On the night of 30–31 October 1914 the Serbian Second Army left its trenches in Mačva on the lower Drina. A retreat began that took the Serbs to the Kolubara.
November
30
Serbs abandon Belgrade
On 30 November 1914 Serbian troops left Belgrade to shorten the front on the Kolubara. Two days later the Austro-Hungarians entered the abandoned capital.
December
03
Serbian counter-offensive on the Kolubara
On 3 December 1914 the Serbian army unexpectedly struck Potiorek's forces. The heaviest blow, by Mišić's First Army, fell on the Austro-Hungarian XVI Corps.
1915
October
11
Fighting between Bulgaria and Serbia begins
On 11 October 1915 the first shots were fired on the Bulgarian-Serbian frontier. Bulgaria had not yet declared war, but its armies were ready to attack.
15
Bulgarians take Vranje
In mid-October 1915 the Bulgarian Second Army reached Vranje on the South Morava and cut the Niš–Salonika railway, Serbia's main route to the Allies.
22
Bulgarians take Kumanovo and Skopje
On 22 October 1915 the Bulgarian 3rd Division entered Skopje, two days after taking Kumanovo. Serbia lost the most important road junction in its south.
November
05
Battle of Kačanik begins
In early November 1915 the Bulgarians advanced through the Kačanik gorge towards the Field of Kosovo to cut the Serbs' last road south. The Serbs resisted.
08
Serbs repel the Bulgarians at Kačanik
On 8–10 November 1915 Serbian divisions repelled the Bulgarians attacking via the Kačanik gorge and Gnjilane towards Kosovo Field, then counter-attacked.
21
End of the Battle of Kačanik
On 21 November 1915 the Bulgarians repulsed the last Serbian attempt to break out of Kosovo towards Skopje. Putnik ordered his armies back behind the Sitnica.
23
Serbian government leaves Prizren
In late November 1915 the Serbian government, king and high command left Prizren, the last seat of power in the country, and set out across Albania to Scutari.
30
Serbian retreat through Albania begins
In late November 1915 the beaten Serbian army, with the king, government and crowds of refugees, set off across the snowy mountains of Montenegro and Albania.
December
03
Serbian government in Scutari
In early December 1915 the Serbian government and high command began working in Scutari, a town held by Montenegro, where the remnants of the army gathered.